Studies on patients or volunteers require ethics committee approval and informed consent, which should be documented in your paper. Where there is an unavoidable risk of breach of privacy - e.g., in a clinical photograph or in case details the patient's written consent, or that of the next of kin, to publication must be obtained. We will ask you to send a signed consent from before publication. Consent must be obtained for all Case Reports and Clinical Pictures. All experiments on live vertebrates or higher invertebrates must be perfomed in accordance with relevant institutional and national guidelines and regulations. In the manuscript, a statement identifying the committee approving the experiments and confirming that all experiments conform to the relevant regulatory standards must be included in the Experimental Procedures section. The editors reserve the right to seek comments from reviewers of additional information from authors on any cases in which concern arise.